Zone Electrophoresis
It is a technique used to separate the Biomolecules. It involves in the migration of charged particles such as cation and anion on a casting tray filled with supporting media. Small volume of solution is applied in form of band or zone. Supporting media is saturated with buffer solution. When the charge is applied, the sample moves towards opposite poles and substance become easily determined. The sample moves from cathode to anode.
Principle of electrophoresis:
Sample
molecules are immersed in the supporting media that makes a charge-to-mass
ratio, allowing them to be separated into 'zones' or bands with respect to its size.
Advantages of electrophoresis |
Disadvantages of electrophoresis |
|
Ø
Useful in Biochemical organization. Ø
Small quantity of sample can be analyzed. Ø
Inexpensive and easily maintained. |
Ø
Unsuitable for accurate mobility Ø
Inaccurate isoelectronic determination. Ø
Technical application can occur due to supporting
media. |
Applications of Electrophoresis:
Ø The
determination of protein, net charge, and molecular weight
Ø Determination
of protein subunit composition and subunit molecular weight
Ø Molecular
weight of DNA by agarose gel electrophoresis.
Ø Identification
of isoenzymes
Ø Diagnosis
of genetic (inherited) disease
Ø DNA
fingerprinting and restriction fragment length polymorphism
Ø DNA
sequencing by immunoelectrophoresis.
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