Resonance effect OR Mesomeric Effect OR Conjugation Effect
The resonance effect is also known as the mesomeric
effect or conjugation effect. It is a phenomenon in organic chemistry that
describes the distribution of electrons in a molecule due to the presence of
multiple resonance structures. It occurs in compounds that have alternating
single and multiple bonds or those containing π (pi) electron systems.
Stabilization:
Resonance delocalizes electrons,
reducing the electron density on a specific atom or bond and distributing it
more evenly throughout the molecule. This leads to increased stability of the
molecule, making it less susceptible to attack in chemical reactions.
Charge distribution:
Resonance can lead to the redistribution of formal charges within a molecule, which can affect its acidity, basicity, and nucleophilicity.
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